Beam-calipers



( NoModeL) I G. E. BILLINGS.

BEAM GALIPERS.

Patented- May 8, 1888.

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UNITED TATES CHARLES E. BILLINGS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

IBEAM-CALIPERS.

sPncIPrcA-rrorr formiiig part of Letters Patent No. 382,348, dated IVIaye, 1888.

Application filed March 6, 1888.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. BILLINGS, of Hartford, in Hartfordcounty, Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Cali per-Square,which is described in the following specification, and is illustrated bythe accompanying drawings.

This invention belongs to that class of caliper-squares in which asliding jaw moves upon a graduated beam.

The object of my invention is to produce a caliper-square of easyconstruction and of superior lightness and durability. To accomplishthis object I construct the beam of the instrument of a thin graduatedplate and two parallel rods, each of which has a longitudinal groovecontaining one edge of said plate.

The best method in which I have contemplated applying the principle ofmy invention is shown in said drawings, in which-- Figure l is a sideview of a caliper-square constructed in accordance with my invention.Fig. 2 is a top edge view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a section on thedotted line of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, the numeral 1 denotes a plate or straight strip ofsteel, which is graduated longitudinally on both sides in the usualmanner. Each of the two longer edges of plate 1 is let into alongitudinal close-fitting groove in the side of a rod, 2, and issecured therein by brazing, or otherwise. The two rods 2 and the plate1,- being so joined together, constitute a beam of uniform crosssection.Upon the zero end of this beam is a stationary steel jaw, 8, which isbored and split to receive the end of said beam, and is clamped thereonat a right angle thereto by means of screw 4.. Upon the same beam, andat right angles therewith, are a sliding jaw, 5, and an adjusting-slide, 6. Slide 6 has two parallel perforations, which are boredthrough it for the purpose of receiving rods 2, and are connected witheach other by an intercommunicating slot wider than the thickness ofplate 1, as shown in Fig. 3. Slide 6 is further split in the upper partand provided with a clampingscrew, 7, as seen in the same figure. Slide5 is perforated, slotted, split, and provided with a clamping-screw, 8,in the same manner. Slide 6 and jaw5 are connected with each other bymeans of an adj ustingscrew, 9.

i in several respects.

Serial No. 266.325. (No model.)

This screw is set immovably into the back of jaw 5, passes through around hole in the lower part of slide 6, and is provided with a terminalthumbnut, 10, and. with a surrounding coiled spring, 11, which liesbetween said jaw and slide. I

All other particulars of construction sufficiently appear from thedrawings, and from the mode of operation which is now to be described.

Olamping-screws 7 and 8 being turned so as 'to loosen slide 6 and jaw 5upon rods 2, the jaw 5 is set by hand, approximately at the de siredmeasurement indicated upon the graduated scale. The accompanying slide 6is then clamped in its assumed position by turning in screw 7. Thesliding jaw then receives its accurate and final adjustment by turningnut 10. When nut 10 is turned on, jaw 5, sliding upon rods 2, isretracted from jaw 3 against the resistance of spring 11, and when thatnut is turned in the opposite direction jaw 5 is advanced toward jaw 4by the expansive energy of that spring. Jaw 5, after receiving its finaladjustment, as described, is clamped upon the beam by turning screw 8.The described clamping of jaw 5 and slide 6 causes them to grip rods 2and 2 without touching plate 1. Operating in this manner, my inventionis superior to other instruments of the same class In particular,graduated plate 1, by virtue of its secluded position, is free fromabrasion by the sliding parts 5 and 6, and is out of the way ofaccidental injury. That plate, being thin, is re-enforced by rods 2, andthose rods, .being severally gripped in surrounding perforations, arecollectively clamped in the described manner with superior firmness andprecision. At the same time spring 11 prevents loss of motion betweenthe slidingjaw 5 and the adj listing-slide 6.

Such being the nature, construction, opera tion, and advantages of myinvention, I claim 1. In a caliper-square, a beam consisting of twolongitudinally-grooved parallel rods and a graduated plate having oneedge let into the groove of one of said rods and having an opposite edgelet into the groove of the other of said rods, substantially as and forthe purpose specified.

2. A beam consisting of two parallel grooved rods and an intermediategraduated plate which is let into the grooves of said rods, incombination with a sliding jaw having two parallel perforations, whichare connected by a slot, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3; A beam consisting of two parallel rods and an intermediate platehaving two opposite edges let into said rods, in combination with astationary jaw upon said beam and a split sliding jaw having aperforation for each of 5. A beam consisting of two parallel rods and agraduated plate whose opposite edges are let into said rods,respectively, a stationary jaw, which is secured to said beam, an adjustable jaw, which is split and provided with a clamping-screw, and isperforated, slotted, and adapted to slide upon said rods, and a splitadjusting-slide, which is similarly perforated, slotted, and providedwith a clamping-screw, in combination with a connectingscrew, and aspring and nut, which work upon said screw, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my name in the presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES E. BILLinos.

Witnesses:

FREDERIO G. BrLLINGs, WILLARD EDDY.

